elementary school; primary school; school for children over eight years old in ancient China; traditional Chinese philology
(large) building; public building; hall
demon; devil; -crazed person; -obsessed person; dreaded; terrible
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
house of parliament (congress, diet, etc.); graduate school; postgraduate school; institution (often medical); institutional building; sub-temple; minor temple building
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
battle; war; fight (against time, poverty, etc.); struggle (for freedom, survival, etc.); contest; competition
author (usu. of a particular book); writer
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
in deep black; in jet black
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
multi-floor building; multi-storey building; bill; check; bill; promissory note
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
umbrella; parasol; something shaped like an umbrella or a conical hat; shade (of a lamp); mushroom cap
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
standing facing each other (e.g. mountains, buildings); standing opposite each other; confrontation; squaring off against (adversaries, armies, forces); standing off against
two persons; two people; pair; couple
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
white clothes; white robe; white gown (worn by doctors, chemists, etc.); commoner without rank (in ancient China); layperson
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
tall figure; high stature
to become tense; to be tightened; to become firm (e.g. body)
young; youthful; immature; green; low (number); small
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
overcoat; greatcoat; cloak; wrap; mantle
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
directly; in person; firsthand
to wear (multiple layers of clothes); to wear underneath; to dress up (esp. in formal clothes); to attire oneself (in); to break in (through repeated wearing); to wear in