before I knew it; next thing you know; when I came to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
above; up; top; summit; surface; before; previous
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
top and bottom; high and low; going up and down; rising and falling; going and coming back; upper and lower classes
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to stick (to); to cling (to); to stay (e.g. in the office)
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rub; to scrub; to scrape
(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; around; about; for instance; say
to look around; to survey
multi-floor building; multi-storey building; bill
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
being filled with; being full of; permeation
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
innumerable; countless; numberless
desktop personal computer
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to touch; to feel; to touch (with); to experience; to come in contact with; to touch on (a subject); to allude to
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
Japanese dock (plant) (Rumex japonicus)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to jar; to creak; to grate
armpit; under one's arm; beside; close to; aside; to the side; off-track
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to dance (orig. a whirling dance); to flutter about; to revolve
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
to wear (sword, decoration, etc.); to carry; to be entrusted (e.g. with a mission); to take on; to have a trace of; to be tinged with
glittering; sparkling; glistening; twinkling
to shine; to glitter; to be bright
anywhere; for all time; through thick and thin; come hell or high water; persistently; stubbornly
gloomy; melancholy; dreary; depressed; dismal
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you