avenue; street; coming and going; street traffic; flow (of water, air, etc.); transmission (of sound); reach (e.g. of voice)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
seat; location (of a gathering, etc.); place; position; post
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
trouble; quarrel; difficulties; complication; tangle
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
Mr; Mrs; clan; he; him; counter for people
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be heard; to be audible; to be said to be; to be reputed
hoot hoot; tu-whit tu-whoo; oh!; I see; huh!
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
cry (esp. animal); roar; chirp; tweet; bark; whine
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
adds force or indicates command
across; over; beyond; throughout (a period of time); for
uncle; old man; mister; manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)
angry voice; one's voice when shouting with anger
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
owl (esp. the Ural owl, Strix uralensis)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be silent; to say nothing
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
management; dealing with; course of events; circumstances; end result (usu. bad); outcome
tedious; boring; being fed up with