indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to turn over; to turn pages of a book; to tear off; to strip off; to tear up
lapis lazuli blue; bright blue; azure
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
three-cornered hat; tricorne
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to wear extra clothes; to dress formally
breast; chest; pit of the stomach; solar plexus; epigastrium
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
star (usu. not including the Sun); planet (usu. not including Earth); star (glyph, symbol, shape); star (actor, player, etc.); small dot; spot; star point (in go)
to model on; to make in the shape of; to represent; to symbolise
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
magician; wizard; sorcerer; witch
pride of place; most prominent; top-ranking
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
traveller; traveler; wayfarer; tourist
to also be (implies that as well as the earlier stated this is also the case); to be ... or something
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
time; hour; period; class
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
unsteadily (e.g. on one's feet); shakily; wavering (in one's mind); unsteadily; aimlessly; unconsciously
to loiter; to putter; to prowl; to wander about; to roam about; to knock around
while; during; while; although; all; both
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
one day; all day (long); throughout the day; first day of the month
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)