to polish; to shine; to brush (e.g. teeth); to refine (e.g. a skill); to improve; to cultivate
advanced student; advanced learner; advanced practitioner; experienced person
secret techniques (of an art or skill); inner mysteries; essence; quintessence; heart
basics; fundamentals; basis; foundation
to stop; to stay (e.g. the night); to contain; to keep (in position, in place); to record (e.g. a fact); to retain
scream; shriek; shout; exclamation
surface; face (i.e. the visible side of an object); front (of a building, etc.); obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin; outside; exterior; appearance
opposite side; bottom; rear; back; lining; inside; in the shadows
so to speak; so to call it; as it were
capacity; volume; capacitance
slightly difficult; somewhat bothersome; troublesome; peevish; querulous
pupil; disciple; follower
apparent; obvious; very clear
of course; certainly; naturally
secluding oneself in the mountains; undertaking ascetic practices at a mountain temple; retreat; off-site meeting
January; first month of the lunar calendar
to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room); to be confined in; to be filled with (emotion, enthusiasm, etc.); to fill the room (of a gas, smell, etc.); to be heavy with (e.g. smoke); to be muffled (e.g. voice); to hold (a castle, fortress, etc.)
to approach; to draw near; to be imminent; to press (someone for something); to urge; to compel
the best one can do; one's best effort; with all one's might; to the best of one's ability
means of transportation; transport service
wrong; bad; not allowed; not possible; failing grade
to assemble everything together; to do something as a group
declining; refusal; nonacceptance; turning down; withdrawal (e.g. of candidacy); pulling out (e.g. of a race)
library (usu. single-room); small library
to turn; to rotate; to pass around; to send around; to move (someone or something to where its needed); to send; to turn (to a new use)
unnecessary; not needed; not necessary
man (esp. one who is well-respected); samurai; person (in a certain profession, esp. licensed); member
occupation; profession; job; vocation; trade; calling
practitioner of Buddhism; practitioner of austerities; disciplinant; practitioner of martial arts
in one's own way or style
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
sharing; division; draw; tie
corresponding to; being applicable to; being relevant to; coming under; falling under; fulfilling (requirements)
harvest; crop; ingathering; fruits (of one's labors); gain; result
roundabout (e.g. expression); indirect (reference, criticism, etc.); oblique
testimony; (verbal) evidence
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
very likely; very probable
assumption; supposition; hypothesis
to make sense; to be consistent; to be logical; to stand to reason; to be coherent
unnatural; artificial; affected; strained
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)