prologue; prolog; Prolog (Programming in Logic)
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
period of time (usu. a period of approx. two hours corresponding to one of the signs of the Chinese zodiac); carving; engraving; strictness; cruelty
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
center; centre; middle; -centered; -centred; -focused
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
holiness; sacredness; sanctity; dignity
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it; I mean
heavy (feeling, etc.); gloomy (weather, etc.); oppressive (atmosphere, etc.); stifling; strained
feeling; sense; impression
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
in that way; thus; so; so?
(not) at all; (not) in the least; (none) whatsoever
pretty; lovely; clean; clear; completely; entirely
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
name; given name; first name
originally; by nature; from the start
present age; present day; today; modern era; modern times
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
your house; your home; your husband; your organization; you
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
university student; college student
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
Japanese person; Japanese people