prefix for forming ordinal numbers
quiet conversation; gossiping; idle talk
hesitation; bewilderment; illusion; delusion; inability to reach enlightenment
jiangshi; Chinese hopping vampire; reanimated corpse in Chinese legends and folklore
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go around; to return; to surround; to concern (usu. of disputes)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
introduction; presentation; referral; listing
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
although I say; although one might say; although called
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
accompanying; being accompanied by; going with
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
far from; anything but; not at all; let alone; to say nothing of; not to mention
in some way or other; in some shape or form; somehow
participation; taking part in; participating in; being concerned in
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
in the first place; to begin with; after all; anyway; beginning; start
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to get to know each other; to make acquaintance
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
long ago; already; a long time ago
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
it is no exaggeration to say; it is not too much to say
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already