too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
lottery; lot; raffle; draw
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
black; black go stone; guilt; guilty person
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
reason of being; raison d'être; meaning of one's existence
small; little; tiny; insignificant; humble; modest
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
January; first month of the lunar calendar
first day of the month; (arch.) first ten days of the lunar month
second day of the month; two days
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
first shrine visit of New Year
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
scenery; scene; landscape; scene (e.g. of a crime)
elder sister; effeminate man
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
echo; reverberation; sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity, e.g. rain, gun, gallop, drum); noise; quality of a sound (e.g. a fine phrase, clear voice, resonant bell); feeling of a sound
how do you do?; nice to meet you; adieu; farewell; bon voyage
fresh; refreshing; invigorating; clear (e.g. voice); fluent; eloquent
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; revenge
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be perfectly clear (water, air, etc.); to clear up
echo; reverberation; spirit of a tree; tree spirit
honorific/polite/humble prefix
garden; yard; courtyard; field (of action); area
to meet; to assemble; to congregate
little girl; maiden; young lady; female usually between 7 and 18 years old
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays