to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
oath; vow; pledge; covenant
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
the god of foodstuffs (esp. of rice)
work (e.g. of art); production; harvest; cultivation; technique
high rice field; very fertile rice field
selfish; self-indulgent; arbitrary
rikka; formal style of ikebana
September; ninth month of the lunar calendar
twenty-third day of the month; twenty-three days
twelve o'clock; noon; midnight
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
senior high school; high school
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
class (of students); group (of people); party; lot; bunch; crime family; organized-crime syndicate
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
incoherent; wandering; vague; rambling; whimsical
story; tale; talk; discussion
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
bitter smile; wry smile; forced smile; strained laugh
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
bow (weapon); archery; bow (for a violin, etc.)
to mind; to care about; to be an issue; to matter; to keep company; to care for; to interfere with
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
with a bang bang (sound of a hammer or gunfire); at a mad pace (spend money, work); with great vigor
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to strike; to clap; to play drums; to abuse; to bash; to consult; to sound out
humour; humor; safety; health; in a good mood; in high spirits
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience