indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
eternity; perpetuity; permanence; immortality
two persons; two people; pair; couple
library; book collection; paperback book
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
love; affection; attachment; craving; agape; Ireland
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
by all means; at any cost; whether (one is) willing or not; willingly or unwillingly; on no account; by no means
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
ban (e.g. on smoking); prohibition
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
shrine; palace; imperial residence; Imperial prince; Imperial princess; headboard with built-in shelves, drawers, etc.
fat; thick; deep (of a voice); thick; daring; shameless
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
slim; slender; slight; delicate
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
jaw; chin; barb (of a fishhook)
to pinch; to hold (between one's fingers); to pick up and eat; to snack on; to pick out (the main point); to summarize
intonation; accent; modulation; inflection
few; a little; scarce; insufficient; seldom
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
to mutter; to murmur; to grumble; to tweet (Twitter)
dukedom; duchy; principality
-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite); -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ...; man; person
in that way; thus; so; so?
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop