cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go out to meet; to receive; to welcome; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to call for; to summon
to lead; to spearhead (a group); to command (troops)
body; group; party; company; troupe
every person; each one; everybody
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
promotion (school, military, etc.)
to accomplish; to achieve; to carry out; to do ... completely; to do ... entirely
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to bear; to stand; to support; to withstand; to be fit for; to be equal to
(one) could even say that
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
fresh; refreshing; invigorating; clear (e.g. voice); fluent; eloquent
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
time; season; period; phase; stage
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
face; honour; meld; lineup (of players participating in a mahjong game); attendees (e.g. at a meeting); members
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
acquaintance; friend; familiar face
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
ago; since; before; previous
encounter; being confronted with (e.g. difficulty); meeting with (e.g. accident)
abduction; kidnapping; kidnaping
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
hostility; animosity; enmity
exposing fully; uncovering completely; being in full view; putting on display; not disguising
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
guy; fellow; chap; bastard; asshole; arsehole
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
unidentifiable; unidentified
riddle; puzzle; enigma; enigmatic; mysterious
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing