at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to go to ruin; to go under; to fall; to be destroyed; to die out; to become extinct
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
weight; weight (e.g. of someone's words); burden; importance; significance
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to hold between (e.g. one's fingers, chopsticks); to grip (from both sides); to put between; to sandwich between; to catch (e.g. a finger in a door); to trap; to insert (e.g. a break into proceedings)
numeral; figure; digit; numeric character
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
stairs; stairway; staircase
to expose (to the sun, public, danger, etc.); to bleach; to refine; to rinse (vegetables); to soak; to doxx
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
skin; body (in the context of intimate bodily contact); surface; grain (e.g. of wood); disposition; temperament
stretch; tension; resilience; springiness; will-power; pluck
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
blast it!; bloody hell!; by thunder!; you bastard!; god damn you!; motherfucker!
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; content; substance
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
style; manner; way; after (period of time) again (e.g. meeting again after a year); for the first time in (period of time)
considerable; great; important; significant; a big deal
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality