indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
waking up; awakening; arousal; disillusion; disillusionment; awakening
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
dark; gloomy; depressed; dispirited; dark (in colour); dull; ill-boding
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
to drift; to float; to waft (e.g. a scent); to hang in the air; to be in the air (e.g. a feeling or mood); to wander; to walk around aimlessly
stone; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); stone (in go); stone (in the bladder, kidney etc.); calculus
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
dust; trash; garbage; negligible amount; tiny bit; hustle and bustle (of life)
rubbish; trash; garbage; refuse
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
already; now; no longer; not any more
nature; natural; spontaneous; naturally; spontaneously
one part; one portion; one section; one copy (e.g. of a document)
while; even though; despite
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to go against; to fight against; to oppose; to resist; to deny
to go against; to oppose; to disobey; to defy
interference; intervention; meddling
nothing; naught; nought; un-; non-
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
tranquil; calm; restful; peaceful; quiet
ordinary; common; free of charge; unaffected; as is; only
to sway to and fro; to drift about; to flutter; to be fickle; to be irresolute; to vacillate
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing