indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
super-; ultra-; extremely; really; over; more than
gun; cannon; artillery; ordnance
counter for stories, episodes of TV series, etc.
sickle; leading question; trick question; sickle-and-chain (weapon); spear with curved cross-blades; gooseneck tenon and mortise joint; (arch.) noisiness
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
river; stream; River; the ... river
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
second day of the month; two days
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
plans; arrangement; schedule; program; programme; expectation
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
purposely (of something needless, unexpected or seemingly counterproductive, etc.); daringly (doing something); not necessarily; not particularly; (arch.) definitely not
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to get late; to advance; to wear on
expressly; especially; taking the trouble (to do); intentionally; deliberately
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
restaurant (esp. Western-style)
to go; to come; to turn out (at a meeting, event, etc.); to show up; to make your way to
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)