indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
soon; before long; slowly; quietly; already; about time
painful; bitter; tough; difficult; cruel; harsh
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
pursuing as a side business; doing in addition to one's main work; running (businesses) simultaneously; side business; job on the side
this is why; that is the reason why; it is the case that; so; thus; with that
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to take in one's hand; to pick up; to obtain
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
within the story (of a book, play, film, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
reality; actuality; practice (as opposed to theory); truly; really; bhutakoti (limit of reality)
September; ninth month of the lunar calendar
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
still; much more; (not) yet; still a long way to go; still a long way off; not there yet
remains; traces; (the sorrow of) parting; end
to feel; to sense; to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to become infected with (an illness); to catch
while; even though; despite
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
together (with); at the same time; in one lump; in the same category
hot; warm; passionate; impassioned; on everybody's mind; on the radar
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be exhausted; to be worn out
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
until now; till now; up to now; up to the present; so far
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
the reverse (side); back (side); other side; hidden side; behind the scenes
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen