one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
term-end exam; end-of-term test; finals
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be temperate in; to refrain; to make notes; to jot down (e.g. phone number); to be in preparation for; to be in waiting for
after school (at the end of the day)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
test (of ability, knowledge, etc.); exam; test (of performance, quality, etc.); trial; rehearsal
study; diligence; working hard; experience; knowledge; discount
right in the middle (of); midst; height
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
air conditioner; air conditioning; aircon
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
cool breeze; cool air; refreshing coolness
to open wide (doors or windows); to throw open; to fling open; to leave open; to keep open
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to go into; to come into; to penetrate; to become complicated
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky
cicada; locust; small-sized pulley
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to bear; to stand; to restrain; to control; to forgive; to put up with
while; during; while; although; all; both
question collection; problem collection; problem set; workbook
to untie; to unfasten; to unsew; to unstitch; to solve; to work out; to dispel (misunderstanding, etc.)
alone; by oneself; on one's own
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
companion; company; tritagonist; second supporting character
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
since some time ago; for some time; for quite a while
(not) well; (not) properly; (not) enough; (not) sufficiently; (not) satisfactorily; (not) decently
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
sultry; sweltering; stuffy; uncomfortably hot-looking (clothing, etc.); stuffy-looking
one's line of sight; one's gaze; one's eyes (looking); glance; gaze; look
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to stare (at); to gaze (at); to look hard (at); to watch intently; to fix one's eyes (on)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become