hello; good day; good afternoon
first of all; to begin with; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
familiar; well-known; regular (e.g. customer); old acquaintance; old friend; (a) regular
while; even though; despite
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; courtesy visit (to offer condolences, say congratulations, pay respect, introduce oneself, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to have the privilege of doing
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
high grade; special grade; classy
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
pause (in speech, writing, etc.); punctuation; break; end; (place to) stop
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
finally; in the end; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
book; volume; this; present; main; head; real
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from ... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that ...; trying to ...
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
(not) at all; (not) by any means; (cannot) possibly; absolutely
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
embodiment; manifestation; materialization; materialisation; expression; indication
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
original (written) work (i.e. a new novel, play, music, etc.); newly written work; specially written work; writing (a new work) specially (for a publication, film, exhibition, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis