indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
being able to do as one pleases; doing at will; pothook
law; act; method; mood; dharma; law
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
don't you think?; indicates question
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
foolish; nonsensical; absurd; ridiculous; trifling
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
in that way; thus; so; so?
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
one's father; one's old man; middle-aged (or older) man; old man; one's boss; proprietor (of a restaurant, store, etc.)
the whole company; the party; attendance (at a gathering); presence; banquet; dinner; troupe
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to be seen from the point of view of an onlooker
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
announcement; presentation; demonstration; displaying; showing; introducing
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
whenever (each time) one sees (it)
emotion; feeling; feelings; sentiment
to overflow; to brim over; to flood
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix