tower; steeple; spire; stupa; pagoda; dagoba
outside ...; beyond ...; not included in ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
various; a variety of; variously; in various ways; various things; this and that
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to finish; to get through with; to graduate; to come to an end; to end; to finish doing ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
moving; relocation; change of address; transfer (of deeds, property, etc.); demise
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
lodging; inn; house; home; home of a servant's parents (or guarantor, etc.)
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
at leisure; in a relaxed manner; in a carefree manner; to relax; to take it easy; to chill
while; during; while; although; all; both
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to visit; to call on; to pay a visit to
guest; visitor; customer; client; counter for containers used to entertain guests
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
management organization; management organisation
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
hello; good day; good afternoon
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm