indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
skip it; drop it; I've had enough (e.g. when offered something); that's enough
degree; extent; (health) condition; state of health; adjustment; moderation; addition and subtraction
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
character (of a person); personality; disposition; characteristics; nature (of a thing, event, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
how; in what way; how (much); to what extent; however (much); no matter how
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
unreasonable; irrational; outrageous; absurd
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to feel irritated; to feel offended; to feel angry; to feel sick; to feel nauseous
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
how long; how much; to what extent
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to hate; to dislike; to loathe
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
real feeling; actual feeling; to actually feel; to have a real feeling (that ...); to experience personally
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
misunderstanding; mistaken idea; wrong guess
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as