to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
obsession; fixation; complaining; criticizing; speciality (e.g. of a restaurant)
to be called ...; to be referred to as ...
until then; till then; to that extent; the end of it; all there is to it
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly; actually
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
woman; female; feminine gender
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
(lower) abdomen; hypogastrium; genitals; private parts
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
consistency; coherence; one kan (approx. 3.75 kg); one piece of sushi
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
expression in writing; written representation; notation; writing on the surface (e.g. an address on an envelope); inscribing on the face
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
hiragana; cursive Japanese syllabary used primarily for native Japanese words (esp. function words, inflections, etc.)
the world in general; society; convention
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
katakana; angular Japanese syllabary used primarily for loanwords
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
purposely (of something needless, unexpected or seemingly counterproductive, etc.); daringly (doing something); not necessarily; not particularly; (arch.) definitely not
unity; consolidation; uniformity; unification; compatible
after all; anyway; actually; well, ...; ... on earth (e.g. "what on earth?"); ... in the world (e.g. "why in the world?")
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
soft; tender; gentle; mild; light (topic, book, etc.); informal
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
novel; story; (work of) fiction
technical term; terminology; jargon
to open; to undo; to bloom; to unfold; to open (for business, e.g. in the morning); to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
technology; engineering; technique; skill; art; craft
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
on purpose; deliberately; intentionally
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of