text (of a book, document, etc.); body (of a letter); this passage; this sentence
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
pine tree (Pinus spp.); highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
traditional Japanese handball game
look here; I say; well; I know what; I'll tell you what; just a minute
existence; possession; having; limited company
suffix for familiar person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be troubled; to have difficulty; to be bothered; to be inconvenienced; to be badly off; to be hard up
by the way; incidentally; sometimes; occasionally; precisely (at that time); exactly
kind; gentle; considerate; generous; friendly; nice
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
riding together; sharing a car (taxi, etc.); doing in collaboration; backing of the same candidate by different political parties
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
super-; ultra-; extremely; really; over; more than
shape; form; appearance; state; situation; suitable
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
player (of a sport); athlete; team member
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to comfort; to console; to amuse
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to weather (a storm, rough seas); to ride across; to get through (adversity); to weather; to load completely (e.g. books on a shelf, people or luggage in a car)
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be raised (e.g. child); to be brought up; to grow (up)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
July; seventh month of the lunar calendar
birth; birthplace; born in (country, month, imperial era, zodiac year, etc.)
home town; birthplace; native place; (arch.) ruins; (arch.) historic remains