until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
cloudy sky; overcast sky; cloudy weather
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to mask; to cover; to cloak; to hide; to conceal
thick; bulky; massive; heavy
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
to stick (to); to cling (to); to adhere (to); to stay (in a place); to stick close (to someone); to follow (someone) around
deep (colour); dark; strong (flavour, smell, etc.); thick (consistency); dense; strong (possibility, etc.)
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to wrap up; to pack; to cover; to envelop; to conceal (a feeling); to hide
degree (angle, temperature, scale, etc.); counter for occurrences; strength (of glasses); glasses prescription; alcohol content (percentage); alcohol by volume; extent
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
to become damp; to become moist; to become wet; to lack energy; to be in a slump; to be in low spirits
earth; soil; the earth (historically, esp. as opposed to the heavens); the ground; low-quality torinoko-gami (containing mud); (period of) refraining from construction in the direction of the god of the earth (in Onmyōdō)
to smell; to smell of; to have a smell
white; blank (e.g. paper); uncolored; innocent; not guilty; (arch.) bright
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
honeybee (Apis sp.); honey bee
coming and going; keeping in touch; visiting each other; street traffic; highway
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
silly; foolish; absurd; childish; easy; trifling
living thing; living creature; animal; life
I; me; you; (arch.) manservant
violence; assault; rough (handling, language, etc.); reckless; rape; sexual assault