nothing; naught; nought; un-; non-
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
training; practice; discipline; ascetic practices
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
name; given name; title; fame; renown; pretext
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
storm; tempest; uproar; hullabaloo; pile of 3 cards of the same value in oicho-kabu
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
futon; Japanese bedding consisting of a mattress and a duvet; round cushion used for Zen meditation (traditionally made of woven bulrush leaves)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to fold (clothes, umbrella); to close (a shop, business); to vacate
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
clothes (esp. Western clothes); clothing; dress; counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, puffs of a cigarette, etc.
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to change (one's clothes)
lower floor; downstairs; bottom of the stairs; foot of the stairs
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
seiza; kneeling with the tops of the feet flat on the floor, and sitting on the soles
to move; to stir; to operate; to run; to make a move; to take action; to be touched
as (it is); remaining (in a state); with (e.g. one's eyes closed, the light on); while (e.g. standing, alive); as (one pleases, one is told, etc.); according to
to be silent; to say nothing
isolated; standing alone; falling in drops (e.g. rain); saying a single word; muttering just a few words
to tell; to inform; to announce; to indicate; to signal; to mark
as (for); for; in the capacity of
instant; moment; for an instant
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
meaning; significance; sense
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
the more ... the more ...; as; (arch.) while; (arch.) during; (arch.) because; (arch.) since
abrupt; sudden; unexpected