president (of a society); chairman
fan; enthusiast; lover (of); (electric) fan
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
thank you for waiting; sorry to have kept you waiting
before; prior to; ago; the past; before; previously
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
volume (of book); reel (of film); scroll (of books or paintings); roll (paper, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
street; road; traffic; coming and going; flow (of water, air, etc.); passage; transmission (of sound)
origin; source; basis; base; cause; (raw) material; ingredient
roll (e.g. of cloth); winding (e.g. watch); volume (of book); speeding up; heel (of a Japanese sandal)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
episode; anecdote; vignette; episode
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
meaning; significance; sense
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
by all means; at all costs; absolutely
original story (as opposed to a sequel, spin-off, etc.); main story; this volume; the movie (as opposed to the trailers; at a movie theater); feature film (main item in a cinema program); movie based on a TV series
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to make sure; to check; to ascertain; to confirm; to verify
please (give me); please (do for me)
hello; good day; good afternoon
thankfully; fortunately; luckily; thanks to your (his, their, everyone's, etc.) kindness; thanks to your assistance; thanks to your support
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
counter for books; volume
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to go out to meet; to receive; to call for; to summon; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to