original text; source book; draft
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
going; travelling; act; action; bank; counter for banks; counter for groups or parties of people
party; group; troop; one act; one action; one deed
letter (of alphabet); character; writing
multicolumn layout; column setting
step; stair; grade; rank; counter for breaks in written language (or speech, etc.); dan
boldface; bold-type; thick characters
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
double circle (indicating "very good" on a piece of school work)
bull's-eye (pattern); double ring (pattern); umbrella with bull's-eye pattern
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
graduation; completion (of a course); moving on (from); outgrowing (something); leaving (a group, company, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
to build up; to establish; to form; to become (a state); to accomplish; to achieve; to change into
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
first shrine visit of New Year
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to shorten; to reduce; to crumple (fabric); to wrinkle; to make (one's body) smaller; to draw in (one's legs)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hospitalization; hospitalisation
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
visiting ill or distressed people; writing get-well letters; get-well gifts; get-well letters; expression of sympathy; expression of concern
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
another meeting; meeting again; reunion
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon