indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
Gion (entertainment district in Kyoto); Jetavana Monastery (India) (abbr); Jetavana-vihara; Yasaka Shrine (Kyoto) (abbr); Gion Festival (abbr); Gion
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
living room (Western style); sitting room
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to bow; to bow one's head; to apologize; to apologise; to bow to; to yield to
low dining table; tea table
above; over; top; summit; surface; on (top of); the above (in a piece of writing)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
vermilion (colour); cinnabar
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
spiced sake (served at New Year's)
alignment; arrangement; counter for sets
osechi; food eaten during the New Year's Holidays
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
godan (verb, verb conjugation); fifth dan (in martial arts, go, shogi, etc.)
jūbako; multi-tiered food box
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
colour; color; complexion; skin colour; look (on one's face); expression; appearance
to treat; to handle; to deal with; to arrange; to decorate (with); to adorn (with)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point
soup containing rice cakes and vegetables (New Year's dish)
bowl (wooden); counter for bowls of food or drink
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")