indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
around the world; throughout the world
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
monitoring; watching; observation; surveillance; guarding; supervision
greeting; greetings; speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address; reply; response; courtesy visit (to offer condolences, say congratulations, pay respect, introduce oneself, etc.)
hello; good day; good afternoon
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
buying and reading (book, magazine, etc.); subscribing (incl. free subscriptions); taking (e.g. newspaper)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
counter for books; volume
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
wholly (due to); entirely; solely; earnestly; intently; sincerely
aid; assistance; help; cheering; rooting (for); support
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
person concerned; people involved (in an event); those concerned; staff
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
grace (of God); benevolence (of Buddha); assistance; help; effects; influence
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
book; volume; this; present; main; head; real
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
to sell (well); to be well known; to be popular; to be famous
repayment; reimbursement; refund; redemption
to make (good) progress; to move right ahead (with the work); to advance
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
to be delighted; to be glad; to congratulate; to welcome (a proposal, advice, etc.); to take kindly to; to do with pleasure
by the way; incidentally; well; even if; no matter (what, where, how, etc.)