first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
counter for stories, episodes of TV series, etc.
to be separated; to be apart; to leave; to go away; to leave (a job, etc.); to quit
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to wake up; to awake; to perk up; to awaken (to the truth, etc.); to come to a realization; to come to one's senses
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
first floor; ground floor; one floor; one storey; one rank
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to face; to go towards; to head towards
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to open (for business, etc.); to empty; to remove; to move out; to clear out
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
elder sister; older female friend
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to go by; to go past; to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.); to operate (between); to go indoors; to go into a room; to penetrate
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
suffix for familiar person
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
door; gate; opening; title page
opposite side; other side; over there; ahead; destination; there (somewhere distant, esp. abroad)
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be heard; to be audible; to sound (like); to come across (as); to be well known; to be famous
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason