at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
creation; generation; formation; derivation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
fatigue; weariness; exhaustion; tiredness
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to represent; to signify; to reveal; to show; to express; to make widely known
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
minimum; lowest; minimal; least
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
to spread; to extend; to unfold; to open; to scatter about; to spread around
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Staal; Stael; Stahl; Starr
baron; Irish cobbler (variety of potato)
(your) daughter; young woman
workshop; studio; atelier
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
(one's) master; Lord; the main thing; the majority
favorite; favourite; habitually used
above; going steadily upward
thin; skinny; delicate; fragile; feeble
to open one's mouth (to talk); to (start to) tell
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
unreliable; undependable; helpless; forlorn; worried; uneasy
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
tear; rip; rent; slit; crack; chasm
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
head (of a household, etc.); leader; owner; proprietor; subject (of a rumour, etc.); doer (of a deed); guardian spirit (e.g. long-resident beast, usu. with mystical powers)
cunning deed; sly trick; foul play; cunning person; sly fellow; cheat
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to spill over and fall; to scatter (petals, leaves, etc.)
bed; berth; crib; cot; kip; bedroom
direct; immediate; personal; firsthand
to jump in; to leap in; to plunge into; to burst in; to barge in
isn't it?; let's ...; why don't we ...; how about we ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah