year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
July; seventh month of the lunar calendar
fifth day of the month; five days
twelve o'clock; noon; midnight
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
to scream; to whine; to grumble; to complain
while; during; while; although; all; both
two reams (of paper); 1000 sheets (of paper); stanza; verse; tribe (in taxonomy); forecast (bet); bet which predicts the top 2 finishers (i.e. quinella or perfecta bet)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
pink; erotic (usually used in relation to the sex industry); blue; pornographic
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
both (hands, parents, sides, etc.); counter for carriages (e.g. in a train); counter for vehicles; ryō; tael; ryō; pre-Meiji unit of currency, orig. the value of one ryō of gold
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hang; to suspend; to lower; to reduce; to demote; to move back
to put on (one's head); to wear; to be covered with (dust, snow, etc.); to pour (water, etc.) on oneself; to bear (e.g. someone's debts, faults, etc.); to take (blame); to overlap (e.g. sound or color)
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
height (of body); stature
centimeter; centimetre; centi-; 10^-2; sentimental
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to be full; to wax (e.g. moon); to rise (e.g. tide); to mature; to expire
small child; kid; kiddy; tot; rug rat; ankle-biter
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
running as fast as one can
grand; heroic; sublime; fierce
speed; velocity; pace; velocity
correspondence; communication; transmission; news; signal; telecommunications
item; something that one "just has to have"
across; over; beyond; throughout (a period of time); for
important; serious; valuable; precious; serious matter; major incident
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
so much; so often; oh, yes!; that's it; that's right; quite
simple; easy; uncomplicated; brief; quick; light
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be hit; to strike; to touch; to be in contact; to be equivalent to; to be applicable; to be right on the money (of a prediction, criticism, etc.)