guardians; parents; father and older brother
to show respect for; to revere; to honour; to honor; to worship; to hold in esteem
Tokugawa shogunate (i.e. the Edo shogunate, 1603-1867)
encouragement; promotion; inducement; incitement; stimulation
ago; since; before; previous
laws and ordinances; acts (of parliament, congress, etc.)
observance (of laws, rules, etc.); adherence; obeying; following; abiding by; compliance
eldest child; oldest child; first child; eldest son; oldest son
another family; another house
independence; self-reliance; independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom; separation; isolation
otherwise; or else; if not
hanger-on; dependent; someone who is received coldly; third, fourth, fifth, etc. sons (during the Edo period when only the oldest male could inherit an estate)
cold reception; inhospitality
occasionally; once in a while; now and then; rarely; seldom
to (happen to) see; to notice; to catch sight of
-ical; -ive; -like; -ish; (something) like; along the lines of
work; labor; achievement; performance; salary; income
complaint; grumbling; objection; phrase; words; expression
focus of one's attention; what one is looking for
younger brother; little brother; brother-in-law (spouse's younger brother or younger sister's husband); (arch.) pupil; (arch.) apprentice
reliance; trust; faith; confidence
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
even if ...; even supposing that ...; also as ...; also for ...; also from the position of ...
reason; cause; circumstances
ability; competency; talent; skill; capacity
(social) position; status
to stand up; to put up; to thrust into; to bury into; to make (a noise); to start (a rumour); to make
(one) letter; (one) character
one party; one faction; one clique
emphasis; highlight; stress; stressed point
to respond; to satisfy; to accept; to comply with; to apply for
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
awareness of things around one; ability to understand what is going on around oneself; judgment; judgement; discretion
to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)
with a whiff; with a puff; suddenly; abruptly; without warning
mind; heart; spirit; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)