uncivilized; uncivilised; undeveloped (land); unexplored (territory, field, etc.); unbloomed (flower)
at that time; in those days
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
pine tree (Pinus spp.); highest (of a three-tier ranking system)
feudal domain (Edo and early Meiji periods, precursor to current prefectures); fiefdom; province
Hakodate (city in Hokkaido)
war; fighting; fierce competition
Shinsengumi; Edo period police and military force dedicated to suppressing anti-shogunate activities
deputy head; deputy director; vice chief (of something); executive officer (navy)
Hijikata Toshizou (1835.5.31-1869.6.20)
Battle of Hakodate (battle of the Boshin War; 1868-1869)
independence; self-reliance; independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom; separation; isolation
to plan; to form a plan; to scheme; to envision; to intend to do
at that time; in those days; at that moment; then
Shinshū (alt. name of former Shinano province)
Nagano prefecture (Chūbu area)
(courteous) invitation; call
first-class; top grade; characteristic; peculiar; school (e.g. of a performance art); one flag
plan; project; schedule; scheme; program; programme
China; Chūgoku region (western part of Honshu comprising the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Tottori and Shimane); central part of a country; main region; province of the second lowest rank (ritsuryo system)
depths; deep place; bottom (of one's heart)
secretive; mysterious; furtive; stealthy; clandestine; sneaky
thoughtlessly; rashly; unwisely; halfway; half-done; incomplete
international; worldwide; cross-border; cosmopolitan
historic; historical; traditional
unprecedented; unique; unparalleled
flow (of a fluid or gas); stream; flow (of people, things); passage (of time); course (of events); (step-by-step) procedure; group of people who remain together after the end of an event
Second World War (1939-1945); World War II; WWII; WW2
unbroken; endless; continuous
tradition; legend; folklore
truth; reality; truly; really; absolute truth
ghost; specter; spectre; apparition; phantom
detestable; abhorrent; loathsome
passage; pathway; roadway; avenue; aisle
attentive; cautious; careful; watchful