to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
restlessly; in continuous motion
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
to follow; to come along (with); to accompany; to come with (something); to follow as a result (of); to be incidental (to)
pupil; disciple; adherent; follower; apprentice; young person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
proposal; proposition; suggestion
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
master; teacher; stable master
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to think back (on); to reminisce; to look back (on)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
lots of; a ton of; a mountain of; piles of; heaps of; so many
to hang; to suspend; to dangle; to swing; to carry
weight; weight (e.g. of someone's words); burden; importance; significance
to feel; to sense; to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to become infected with (an illness); to catch
while; during; while; although; all; both
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to drop; to lose; to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
don't you think?; indicates question
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
there is no way that ...; easy; simple
to get lost; to become lost; to go astray
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
flow (of a fluid or gas); stream; flow (of people, things); passage (of time); course (of events); (step-by-step) procedure; group of people who remain together after the end of an event
lightly; easily; carelessly
to flip; to snap; to repel; to use (an abacus); to calculate; to strum
meandering; snaking; zigzagging
to chase; to run after; to pursue; subsequently; following that; (and) then
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to look at; to gaze at; to look out over; to get a view of; to look on (from the sidelines); to stand by and watch
to resemble; to look like; to be like; to be alike; to be similar; to take after