to live through; to survive
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
representation; representative; exemplification; typification; leader; switchboard number
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
like this; this sort; this way
four; 4; four years of age; ten o'clock (in the old time system); burakumin; cross grips
to cross (legs or arms); to link (arms); to put together; to construct; to braid; to plait; to grapple
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to read and understand; to interpret (e.g. a difficult text); to read deeply; to decipher; to decode
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
(some) more; even more; longer; further
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to wake up; to awake; to awaken to (instinct, ability, perception, etc.); to become aware of; to come to one's senses
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
door; gate; opening; title page
writer; painter; drawer; skilful writer; skilful painter
reader (person); person who reads the cards (in karuta games); composer (of a poem)
dialogue; conversation; talk; discussion; communication
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
chapter; section; medal; badge; insignia
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to pick up; to adopt (a proposal); to take up (a topic); to take issue with; to make a problem of; to report (news); to cover
method; way; manner; process; procedure; means
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
concerning ...; over ...; about ...; centering on ...
in the following manner; as follows
to state; to express; to say; to tell; to mention
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
author (usu. of a particular book); writer