prefix for forming ordinal numbers
one part; one portion; one section; one copy (e.g. of a document)
politics; government; peace; (arch.) medical treatment; (arch.) cure
literature; the arts; art and literature; liberal arts
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
successful execution; accomplishment; completion; fulfillment; carrying through
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
ambitious undertaking; grand scheme
fulfillment; fulfilment; realization; realisation; completion
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
people; men and women; each person; everybody
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
deep realization (realisation); profound realization; one's faith being transmitted to a deity and one's wish then being granted; unexpectedly obtaining something
while; during; while; although; all; both
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
on the occasion of; circumstances; juncture
when it becomes; when it comes to
information; experience; knowledge; observation
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
method; manner; appearance; air; tendency; folk song (genre of the Shi Jing)
adding; connecting; joining; drawing a forced inference; forced analogy
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
long (time); protracted; prolonged
throughout; over a period of ...; over a span of ...