indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
art; technique; means; way; trick; trap
first; firstly; first of all; Introduction; Preface
the present; present time; as of; present tense; this world; this life
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
collapse of bubble economy; economic bubble burst
economic slump; hard times; poor (business); dull; gloomy; cheerless
raging waves; stormy seas; hardships; troubles; adversities
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
totally (immersed in something, e.g. liquid, work); addicted
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to gulp down; to swallow deeply; to understand; to take in; to engulf; to swallow up
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to tumble down; to roll down
state; condition; situation; appearance; circumstances
price; cost; value; worth; value
to hang; to suspend; to lower; to reduce; to demote; to move back
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
to sell (well); to be well known; to be popular; to be famous
society; the world; the times
increasingly; more and more; decreasingly (when declining); less and less
to surround; to encircle; to enclose
company; corporation; workplace
(corporate) bankruptcy; insolvency; commercial failure; failed business
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
unemployment; losing one's job; becoming unemployed
crisis; critical situation; emergency; pinch
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
going down; fall; knocking down (in boxing); flooring; being out of action (due to illness, exhaustion, etc.); being down (e.g. with a cold); going down (of a computer system, server, etc.)
reality; actuality; hard fact
housewife; mistress (of the house); homemaker
bachelorhood; single; unmarried; celibate
female office worker; office lady; overlap; orienteering
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)