country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competiton in which there are several evenly-matched participants; hotly-contested game (match, market, etc.)
mostly; nearly; practically; well-nigh; almost invariably; all but
tax paid to avoid forced labor (ritsuryo period); tax in kind; mediocrity
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
loan; lending; favor; favour; creditor; method of lending
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
indicates concession or compromise; indicates permission
to sever; to cut off; to suppress; to eradicate; to abstain (from); to give up
virtue; benevolence; profit; benefit
first Sanskrit alphabet letter; Africa; Awa (old province of Japan); (arch.) prefixed to names to show intimacy
more and more; increasingly; extremely; very
father and child; father and son; father and daughter
Mikawa (former province located in the east of present-day Aichi Prefecture)
man who takes his wife's family name and marries into her family; man who is adopted by his wife's family
pilgrimage; travelling around (by a monk)
clique; group; (political) faction; wing; school; sect
nembutsu; nenbutsu; nianfo; visualizing a Buddha (in one's mind)
highly virtuous monk; monk; Buddhist solitary; Buddhist missionary; saint (i.e. a virtuous person); (arch.) emperor; master
wandering (e.g. bird, exile, lifestyle); wandering alone in a strange country
to have a reason; to have an excuse
circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs
selfish; egoist; (arch.) self-indulgent; (arch.) wilful; (arch.) willful
difficulty; hardship; trouble; infeasibility; inability (to carry out)
Kyūshū (southernmost of the four main islands of Japan)
Mt.; Mount; (fig.) Mt.; (fig.) Mount
too much; excessively; too
to become stronger; to grow in intensity; to grow violent; to invite contributions, etc.; to solicit help, participation, etc.; to recruit (e.g. soldiers)
to grow in intensity; to be aggravated; to get worse; to develop
festivities; celebration; wedding; marriage ceremony
job; work; duties; trade; skill
one face; one surface; the whole surface; one aspect; one side; (on) the other hand; one broad, flat object
busyness; a lot of things to do; frequent use; heavy use (of); many uses
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
honesty; sincerity; trust; reliance; (religious) faith; devotion
three countries; Three Kingdoms (in China, 220 CE-280 CE); Three Kingdoms (in Korea, 57 BCE-668 CE); (arch.) Japan, China and India; (arch.) Japan, Korea and China
to straddle; to sit astride; to mount; to extend over; to spread over; to span
Japanese league; ri; neighbourhood (under the ritsuryo system; orig. of 50 homes); unit of area (approx. 654m by 654m)
throughout; over a period of ...; over a span of ...