way; method; means; effect; result; benefit
cunning deed; sly trick; foul play; cunning person; sly fellow; cheat
party (of people); set (of people); clan; family; fellow
haughty; arrogant; pompous; self-important
a bit better than; not much more than; not much different from
Buddhist teachings; Buddhism
low rank; wickedness; vulgarity
especially; above all; particularly; among other things
unrest prevailing; turmoil reigning
Dutch studies; studies of Western knowledge
fragment; scrap; piece; shred
man of virtue; wise man; person of high rank; the four gentlemen (plum, chrysanthemum, orchid, and bamboo)
shame; embarrassment; disgrace
to plan; to attempt; to plot; to conspire; to aim for; to strive for
great mountain; large mountain
wooden box carried on one's back to store items for a pilgrimage
1000 ri; (a) long distance
wise person; virtuous person; sage; unrefined sake
water caltrop; water chestnut; caltrop (weapon)
wound; injury; chip; crack; flaw; defect
ball (for sport, games, etc.); kemari; type of football played by courtiers in ancient Japan
yours sincerely; respectfully yours
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
modesty; humility; being humble
to make even; to make smooth; to make level; to average
to cut (grass, hair, etc.); to mow; to clip; to trim; to prune; to shear
chief; main; principal; main secondary or supporting role (in kyogen)
foundation of a temple; laying a foundation (stone); open base
what was said; what it means; origin of a story (or tradition, etc.)
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
Western Zhou dynasty (China, c 1046-771 BCE); Western Chou dynasty
to be responsive; to show immediate results
preparedness; readiness; mental attitude; frame of mind
granted that; even if; even though
idea; plan; draft; rough copy; expectation; (arch.) desk