in all ages; over the ages; forever and ever
to become hoarse; to become husky
stern; grave; austere; strict (e.g. security); severe; firm
possibly; apparently; (seem) likely; somehow or other; with difficulty; barely
pilchard (esp. Japanese pilchard, Sardinops melanostictus); sardine
sensation; feeling; tendency; propensity
about; on; regarding; per; for every
to enclose (with); to surround (with); to turn (one's head, heel, etc.); to rotate; to think over; to consider
a great variety of; diversity
admiration; being impressed (by)
putting that aside; that said; apart from that; anyway; be that as it may
too-good-to-be-true offers (e.g. scams and frauds); too-good-to-be-true stories
basics; rudiments; elements; ABCs of ...
cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling
junior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
memorization; memorisation; learning by heart
lesson; class; teaching; instruction; classwork; schoolwork
to teach thoroughly; to instill (into); to instil; to inculcate; to drum (into); to drill (into)
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
arousal; excitation; awakening; evocation
troublesome (person, task, etc.); difficult; suffering; hardship; trouble
Keiō era (1865.4.7-1868.9.8)
birth; birthplace; born in (country, month, imperial era, zodiac year, etc.)
unclear; obscure; unknown; unidentified; ignorance; lack of wisdom
to reflect on (oneself, past conduct, etc.); to contemplate; to examine; to think over; to introspect
imperfect; incomplete; faulty; defective
self-education; self-instruction; self-study
to bear a grudge against; to resent; to blame; to curse; to feel bitter towards
elementary school (in Japan; 1941-1947)
national polity; National Athletic Meet
to fix (a time, date, etc.); to set; to expect; to hope for; to resolve (to do); to decide upon
to strain (oneself); to bear down; to exert oneself; to put on a bold front; to make a show of strength; to swagger
to be renewed; to change; to be improved; to be reformed; to stand on ceremony; to be formal
even more; still more; one step; one rung; one paragraph; one passage
expressly; especially; specially; intentionally; deliberately; on purpose
giant; great man; Tokyo Giants (baseball team)
to compare; to make a comparison (between); to compete (on); to measure (one's strength, ability, etc. against another's)
something worth mentioning; something to count on; something problematic