to interrupt; to obstruct (a view, someone's way, etc.); to block (light, wind, etc.); to intercept; to cut off
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
dryness; aridity; drying (e.g. clothes); insipidity
heat island phenomenon; heat island effect
formation process; morphosis
action; operation; effect; function
domination; rule; direction; management; control (e.g. over one's emotions); determining (e.g. one's fate)
100,000; hundred thousand
below sea level; undersea; beneath the waves
getting closer; drawing nearer; being not much different; being near (age, skill, etc.); becoming close (i.e. friendly); becoming intimate
Osaka (city); (arch.) large hill
profound; deep; deep (of a cave, etc.); innermost; interior
transport; transportation; conveyance; carriage
main cause; primary factor
production output; number of goods manufactured
imperial lands; shogun's demesne
area under direct control (of the shogun)
to collect; to assemble; to gather
Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (1646.2.23-1709.2.19), Shougun 1680-1709
outline; summary; overview; synopsis; abstract; abridgment
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
lineage; pedigree; family line; birth
(arch.) large jewel; (arch.) string of jewels; Yasakani no Magatama (the grand jewel or string of jewels; one of the three Imperial regalia)
National Foundation Day (national holiday; February 11)
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
praise; tribute; inscription (on a painting)
rare; strange; odd; peculiar
arranged; taken care of; settled; completed; finished
Southern Court (of Japan; 1336-1392); Southern Dynasty; Southern Dynasties (of China; 420-589)
hypothesis (formed by comparison with other similar objects); identification