indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
by means of; due to; because of; according to
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
disease; ailment; illness
in; on; at (place); as for; regarding
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
legume (esp. edible legumes or their seeds, e.g. beans, peas, pulses); bean; soya bean (Glycine max); soybean; female genitalia (esp. the clitoris); kidney; small
(medical) treatment; care; therapy; cure; remedy
acquaintanceship; vijnana; consciousness; written by...
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
wisdom; jnana (higher knowledge)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
symptoms; condition (of a patient)
woman; female; feminine gender
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to cause; to induce; to bring about; to pull upright; to help up (e.g. a fallen person)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
to perform; to do; to conduct oneself; to carry out
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last