yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to smoke; to smoulder; to be sooty; to be smoke-stained; to smoulder (e.g. a dispute); to smolder
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
magician; wizard; sorcerer; witch
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to snatch away; to dispossess; to steal
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
above ground; on the ground; earth's surface; this world; this earth
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
nonglutinous grain (not sticky enough to make mochi rice cakes)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
be supposed or expected to (do); be sure to (do); ought to (do)
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to seal (letter); to prevent; to forbid; to block
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
again; once more; a second time
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
gate; branch of learning based on the teachings of a single master; division; phylum; counter for cannons
key; lock; key (to a problem); clue
have no choice; there is nothing but; no more than
dark; gloomy; depressed; dispirited; dark (in colour); dull; ill-boding
dispatch; despatch; deployment; temporary employee (esp. from an agency); temporary worker; agency temp
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)