suffix for familiar person
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
stealthily; secretly; in secret
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
while; during; while; although; all; both
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
rival; competitor; competition
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
gun; cannon; artillery; ordnance
bell (often a large hanging bell); chime
people; men and women; each person; everybody
five colors (esp. red, blue, yellow, white and black); five colours; many kinds; varied; melon; gourd
fatsi (Fatsia japonica); paperplant; Japanese aralia
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing
to resound; to be heard far away; to reverberate; to shake; to come (home); to remain (with someone)
noisy; loud; annoying; troublesome; fussy; finicky
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
to find; to discover; to come across; to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
he; she; this; this one; hey, you!; you bastard!
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn