indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
all present; all concerned; all of us
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
opening fully; full throttle; full power
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
suffix for familiar person
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
all one's power (strength, energy, efforts); one's utmost
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
destruction; disruption; (application) crash
previous time; last time; previous installment; previous instalment; previous session
bell (often a large hanging bell); chime
with a bang bang (sound of a hammer or gunfire); at a mad pace (spend money, work); with great vigor
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
in that way; thus; so; so?
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
adds force or indicates command