yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
notice; attention; observation
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
study; diligence; discount; reduction
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to hold between (e.g. one's fingers, chopsticks); to grip (from both sides); to put between; to sandwich between; to catch (e.g. a finger in a door); to trap; to insert (e.g. a break into proceedings)
please remember me; please help me; please treat me well; please do; please take care of
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
another (person); the other person; one more (person)
student teacher; trainee teacher
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
clearing one's throat; cough
inexperienced person; incompetent person; ignoramus
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
the best one can do; one's best effort; with all one's might; to the best of one's ability
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
pupil; student; schoolchild
(sound of) laughter; laughing voice
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
spirit; drive; vigour; ambition; aspiration
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
interrogative sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's