obligation; duty; charge; responsibility
cast-off skin (snake, insect, etc.); husk; empty shell; exuvia; exuviae
depopulation; declining population
mid-year gift; summer gift
third principle of the Eight Principles of Yong; downward stroke
mitsuba (Cryptotaenia japonica); Japanese honewort; Japanese honeywort; three-leaved; trefoil
to chastise; to punish; to discipline
severe earthquake; violent tremor
sworn younger brother; junior male peer (in a club, group, etc.)
big hit; smash hit; popular item (e.g. movie, music)
revision; amendment; alteration
agreement; rules; code; protocol; convention; bylaw
mysterious disappearance; being spirited away
bacterium; bacteria; germ
hollow; cavity; hole; cave
to fade (of a colour); to grow dull in color (colour); to lose vividness; to lose freshness; to grow stale
(short) rest; breather; break
not understanding; not knowing
to spring; to bound; to be stimulated; to be encouraged; to pay handsomely; to splurge
to go by; to go past; to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.); to operate (between); to go indoors; to go into a room; to penetrate
end; verge; extremity; miss; failure; blank (e.g. lottery ticket)
official recognition; authorization; authorisation; licence; license; accreditation
act of mercy; helping another person
greatly energetic; ferocious; extreme; severe
(all) at once; at the same time; in one go; right away; in an instant