indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
sky; air; ether; firmament; the heavens
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to attack; to assail; to succeed (someone in a post, role, etc.); to make a sudden visit
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
to revive; to come to oneself; to be restored to life
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
Kamen Rider (TV series, the titular character)
hero; heroine; Eroica Symphony (Beethoven, 1804); Heroic Polonaise (Chopin)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to collect; to assemble; to gather
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
memory; recollection; remembrance; storage
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
suffix for familiar person
immortal mountain wizard (in Taoism); mountain man (esp. a hermit); person not bound by earthly desires
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
seeming to be; appearing to be; like; similar to; in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to leave (behind); to leave (undone); to not finish; to save; to set aside; to leave (to someone, esp. after one's death)
time; hour; period; class
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
Sunday; day (of the month); counter for days; Japan
father; dad; papa; pa; pop; daddy
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook