indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
extermination (e.g. of pests, demons, bandits); elimination; making someone renounce worldly desires in order to concentrate on Buddha's teachings; curing illness
so far; up to now; hitherto; that's enough (for today); it ends here
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Kamen Rider (TV series, the titular character)
echo; reverberation; sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity, e.g. rain, gun, gallop, drum); noise; quality of a sound (e.g. a fine phrase, clear voice, resonant bell); feeling of a sound
just now; a moment ago; this very minute
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
expulsion (of a pupil); excommunication; anathema
ogre; demon; spirit of a deceased person; ogre-like person (i.e. fierce, relentless, merciless, etc.); it (in a game of tag, hide-and-seek, etc.); Chinese "ghost" constellation (one of the 28 mansions); very
echo; reverberation; sound (esp. the distinctive sound of an object or activity, e.g. rain, gun, gallop, drum); noise; quality of a sound (e.g. a fine phrase, clear voice, resonant bell); feeling of a sound
fashion; way; school (of thought); class; rank; current (electrical, water, etc.)
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
the end; closing; being done for; that's it; that's enough; that's all
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
pupil; disciple; adherent; follower; apprentice; young person
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
internal conflict; family quarrel; domestic trouble
to repeat; to do something over again
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
road; path; way; set of practices; Buddhist teachings; Taoism; modern administrative region of Japan (Hokkaido)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
what's the matter?; what's wrong?
roar; peal; rumble; beating; pounding; throbbing
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
tradition; legend; folklore
cattle (Bos taurus); cow; beef; Chinese "Ox" constellation (one of the 28 mansions)
dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
voice; speech; sound of a voice; sound (e.g. of a TV)
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up