dragon (esp. a Chinese dragon); naga; semi-divine human-cobra chimera in Hindu and Buddhist mythology; promoted rook
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
regrettable; disappointing; precious; dear; too good for; deserving better
to run away; to flee; to make off; to start to run away
suffix for familiar person
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
to become confused (disconcerted, disorganized, disorganised); to be flustered; to panic; to hurry; to rush; to hasten
to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to be about to leave; to be just going out
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
other party; other side; ahead; in front; destination
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
promise; agreement; convention; rule; destiny; fate
time; hour; period; class
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
considerably; fairly; quite
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
change of pace; change of mood; (mental) break (e.g. going for a walk); refreshment
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
drive; trip by car; to (go for a) drive; to go on a trip by car; to drive (e.g. a car); to drive (innovation, change, etc.)
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
imitating; copying; mimicry; behavior; behaviour; action
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to compete (against); to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
card (information, filing, etc.); card (greetings, congratulations, etc.); (Western) playing cards; credit card; debit card; match; game
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
pushing; backing; boosting; pushing from behind (a cart, etc.); pusher